How to make ratlines in ship modeling

In ship modeling, there are details that do more than simply decorate: they tell the ship’s story and convey its structure and character. Ratlines belong to this category: small horizontal lines which, when made with care, transform the rigging into a faithful representation of the original vessel. In any well-built model, the eye naturally lingers on these fine elements, recognizing their importance for visual balance and historical accuracy.

Those approaching this stage for the first time often ask what ratlines really are, and how they can be made correctly and accurately.

In this guide, we take you step by step through this essential element: we will analyze their function on historical ships, explain how to reproduce them in scale, and show how to properly use a ratline frame, an essential tool for achieving neat knots, perfect spacing, and results worthy of an experienced modeler.

Ratlines: their meaning in ship modeling

In a nautical context, ratlines are horizontal ropes tied between the vertical shrouds, together forming a kind of flexible ladder used by sailors to climb the masts. In ship models, correctly reproducing ratlines means adding a fundamental structural and visual detail, capable of giving realism, proportion, and historical coherence to the entire rigging.

In ship modeling, ratlines have a dual role: on one hand, they faithfully recreate a technical detail of the rigging; on the other, they visually complete the ship’s structure, giving it realism and harmony.

It should also be noted that, in historical models, the layout of ratlines varies according to the period and nationality of the vessel. Reproducing them accurately also means respecting the historical identity of the model.

Materials for making ship ratlines

To build accurate ratlines for ship modeling, it is essential to select the materials according to the model scale. The rigging thread must have a consistent diameter and a suitable texture. Amati offers a selection of threads and ropes for ship modeling in natural tones, ideal for reproducing historical rigging.

Color also plays a strategic role: ratlines are often made slightly lighter than the shrouds, in order to visually enhance their pattern.

Everything begins, however, with a key element: the ratline frame, a tool that allows precise work even on the most complex models.

The ratline frame, an essential tool for modelers

Making ratlines without a frame is possible, but it requires great manual skill and patience. The Amati ratline maker is designed to simplify this delicate step, thanks to its shock-resistant plastic structure and turned metal pins that securely hold the shrouds in place.

By using it, you can:

• Maintain the correct tension of the shrouds;
• Align the ratlines with millimetric precision;
• Work comfortably, without risking symmetry errors.

Whether you are a beginner or an experienced modeler, this ship modeling tool will significantly improve the quality of your work.

How to make ship ratlines: knots and techniques

Once the shrouds have been fixed onto the ratline frame, you can begin making the horizontal lines. It is essential that the shrouds are well tensioned and perfectly parallel.

Work starts from the lower section of the rigging, tying the horizontal line (the ratline) at the first row. The goal is to create a regular grid, with evenly spaced knots perfectly aligned horizontally. The distance between each ratline must be calculated according to the model scale: for example, on a 1:50 scale ship, spacing usually ranges between 4 and 6 mm, always adjusted to the characteristics of the vessel.

The most recommended knot is the cow hitch, because it is easy to tie and remains stable over time. This knot tightens automatically when pulled, gripping the shroud without slipping. Alternatively, the clove hitch or a simple knot can also be used, especially when a more refined visual result is desired. Knowledge of basic techniques is essential: if you wish to explore this topic further, we recommend consulting the complete guide to essential knots for ship modeling, useful for both beginners and experienced modelers.

To ensure precision during execution, it is helpful to use fine-tip tweezers: they help position the thread correctly, tighten knots without deforming them, and maintain constant tension. After completing each row, it is advisable to check the horizontal alignment before moving on to the next one. Only when all the rigging has been checked should a small amount of water-based vinyl glue be applied to each knot, to secure it over time without excessively stiffening the rigging. It is important to use a glue suitable for this type of work: for a correct choice depending on the material, it may be useful to consult the range of glues for model making, designed for wood and scale components.

Mistakes to avoid when making ratlines

Even a detail that appears simple, such as a ratline, can compromise the final appearance of the model if made without care. One of the most common mistakes is placing ratlines out of alignment or too far apart, creating a disorderly visual effect that breaks the harmony of the rigging. Equally common is the tendency to tighten knots excessively, causing unwanted twisting of the shrouds or uneven tension between the lines.

The ratline frame is specifically designed to prevent these issues: it keeps the shrouds well tensioned and parallel, helping you achieve regular knots, consistent spacing, and a perfectly symmetrical layout.

Another important consideration concerns the use of glue. Applying too much can stiffen the knot and alter the appearance of the thread, especially if it is light or natural in color. In these cases, a very small amount, applied with precision, is enough to secure the work without affecting the overall aesthetic.

If you want to see the process in detail, we recommend this video on ratline knots: practical, clear, and perfect for following the ratline knot technique step by step. Thanks to Chef Andros for sharing it!